Physical Implementation
The physical implementation process translates a high-level circuit design into a manufacturable layout, ensuring it meets performance, power, and area (PPA) targets. This stage involves placing and routing components, optimizing timing, power delivery, and signal integrity, while adhering to manufacturing constraints such as design rules and process technology requirements.
Floorplanning
Creates an optimized floorplan to guarantee efficient power distribution, reduced routing complexity, and balanced performance throughout the chip.
Placement
Standard cells and macros are positioned thoughtfully to enhance timing, minimize congestion, and facilitate efficient routing.
Routing
Signal interconnections are designed to be efficient, reducing congestion and enhancing signal integrity.
Power Planning & Power Grid Design
Creates an effective power distribution network to ensure consistent power delivery while adhering to necessary power and thermal limitations.
Clock Tree Synthesis (CTS)
Constructs a clock tree to balance skew, latency, and power, ensuring precise timing synchronization across the chip.
Design Rule Checking (DRC) & Layout Versus Schematic (LVS)
Verifies layout precision by conducting comprehensive DRC and LVS checks in accordance with foundry specifications.